Emphasis, limits & extremes

88 phrases

Emphasis29 This theme gathers the advanced emphatic constructions of JLPT N1, the register of formal writing, speeches, news commentary and literary prose. Some convey deep, unceasing emotion or its opposite — a wish held "心より祈念してやみません" ("I wish you from the bottom of my heart, without end"), or a reaction that "驚くにはあたらない" ("hardly warrants surprise"). Others heighten a statement to its limit or trace a lasting change, as in "疲労の極みに達している" ("reached the very extreme of exhaustion") and "大病を患ってからというもの" ("ever since he fell gravely ill"), lending speech the weight and nuance expected of an educated adult.
Limitation29 This theme teaches advanced N1 expressions for limitation and singling out — grammar used to declare that something or someone stands alone as the sole possibility, the exclusive case, or the one true source. In formal, literary, and news registers you will hear singling-out patterns like 「この難局を打開できる人物は、彼をおいて他にはいまい」 and appreciations of the uniquely characteristic, as in 「老舗ならではの細やかな心配りが、客足の絶えない理由なのだろう」. Others broaden or narrow scope with dignity, from 「少子高齢化は、何もこの国に限ったことではない」 to the resolute 「あとはただ結果を待つのみだ」 and the concessive 「多少の見解の相違こそあれ」.
Parallel & extremes30 This theme gathers advanced N1 patterns for listing things in parallel or pushing them to an extreme — the register of editorials, criticism, and formal argument. Patterns like ～といい～といい and ～も～なら～も pair two elements to praise or condemn both at once ("経営陣も経営陣なら、社員も社員で"), ～であれ～であれ sweeps across every case ("大臣であれ一市民であれ"), while ～たりとも stresses that not even the smallest unit is permissible ("一瞬たりとも気を抜くことは許されない"). ～なり～なり offers alternatives as advice, and the colloquial ～だの～だの rattles off a string of complaints.

日本語

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