Time

87 phrases

Time & timing29 Three "when" patterns that N2 learners blur: 際 is the formal "on the occasion of" —「お帰りの際は、電気を消してください」— used for announcements and rules. 最中 means dead-center, usually interrupted:「会議の最中に、携帯電話が鳴ってしまった」carries that jolt of bad timing. にあたって marks the outset of something weighty:「新事業を始めるにあたって、綿密な計画を立てた」— never a casual everyday act.
Sequence29 These sequence patterns each color the order differently. て以来 means "ever since" a turning point, with the state still ongoing:「大学を卒業して以来、一度も会っていない」. 上で is deliberate two-step — do A first, then decide:「よく考えた上で、結論を出したい」. 末に crowns a long struggle:「長い間悩んだ末に、留学を決意した」. And かぎりで sets a final cutoff:「本日かぎりで、この店は閉店いたします」.
Immediacy (as soon as)29 "As soon as" splits three ways at N2. たとたん reports something that abruptly happened, always past and often unwelcome:「家を出たとたん、雨が降り出した」. か〜ないかのうちに squeezes two events into the same instant:「ベルが鳴るか鳴らないかのうちに、生徒たちは教室を飛び出した」. しだい is the polite, future-facing one — no past tense, no surprises:「詳細が分かりしだい、ご連絡いたします」.

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